HomeMy WebLinkAboutElection Campaign SignagePolitical Signage
Monica Croskey, Deputy City Manager
Dana Harmeyer, Deputy City Attorney
Kathy Warren, Planning & Community Development Director
November 25, 2025
AGENDA
•Context
•Efforts to Date
•Sign Restrictions and the First
Amendment
•Zoning
•Additional Information
•Council Discussion and Direction
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Context
•Administrative Directive 3.01 Petitioning, Picketing and Other Expressive
Activities in City Buildings and Work Areas
“For the period of time when such facility is open for voting and 7 days prior, signs and
expressive activities shall be permitted in the areas adjacent to the facility to the extent
allowed by the City’s Zoning Ordinance and applicable state law. The City reserves the
right to impose additional reasonable, content- and viewpoint- neutral regulations
necessary to permit safe and efficient operation of the voting location.”
•Received complaints about safety concerns, visual clutter
•Council requested staff evaluate the concerns
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Efforts to Date – Round 1
•March 2025: OPA conducted a stakeholder-informed study
•Interviews with campaign representatives from both major parties
•Interviews with City staff from Planning, the City Attorney’s Office, Libraries, Parks &
Recreation, Voter Registration and Elections
•Stakeholders’ feedback focused on:
•Potential safety issue of large signs in windy areas posing physical safety risks
•Signage congestion in pedestrian zones or near roads (drivers looking at the signs and not
being aware of possible pedestrians)
•April 2025: To address this feedback Administrative Directive 3.01 was updated to
reflect the following changes:
•Only signs measuring 26”x16” permitted in the area in front of Building 14
•No signs or tents allowed in the area where the ballot box is located
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Efforts to Date – Round 2
•Received additional complaints and concerns
•June 2, 2025: 2-hour meeting with campaign and party representatives from
both major parties and staff from CMO, CAO, PLN
•Parties wanted to explore capping number of signs per candidate/issue
•City Attorney’s Office advised of the associated legal constraints
•Parties agreed that reducing allowable signage size would be beneficial
•June 25, 2025: To address feedback Administrative Directive 3.01 was updated
to reflect the following change
•As owner of property and in light of safety concerns related to high winds during
storms and other events, the City will not allow signs larger than 4 feet by 4 feet at
the Municipal Center or any location that is used as a polling place
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Sign Restrictions and the First Amendment
•Controlling case: Reed v. Town of Gilbert (2015)
•Town of Gilbert’s sign ordinance treated “Ideological Signs,” “Political Signs,” and “Temporary
Directional Signs” differently as to size, duration, and location such signs were permitted.
•Holdings:
•Any sign restriction or regulation that depends on the content of the sign or requires
distinctions based on the message a speaker conveys is a content-based regulation of speech.
•Content-based sign regulations are presumptively unconstitutional and subject to strict
scrutiny.
•Time, place, and manner restrictions remain available.
•Time: e.g. signs at Building 14 may be placed 7 days prior to the facility being used as a
polling location and removed 24 hours after an election.
•Place: e.g. signs cannot block the sidewalk or access to the dropbox; no sign within the 40-
foot restricted zone
•Manner: e.g. signs cannot be larger than 4’x4;’ no bullhorns or amplified sound
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Sign Restrictions and the First Amendment
•Content based restrictions are presumptively unconstitutional – regulations that
require reference to the content of the sign:
•Proscribed number of signs per candidate or per issue
•Dividing the space to allow one half for one party and the other half for the other party
•Restricting signs to candidates on the ballot
•Possible limitations that are not content based:
•No signs on the property adjacent to Building 14 or a future location of the Office of the
Voter Registrar.
•The City would retain the ability to place City signage (“government speech”) directing voters to the
appropriate door and to mark the 40-foot restricted zone.
•The City would have to allow canvassers and campaign representatives outside the restricted zone that
seek to interact with persons accessing the polling location. Such canvassers could hold signs.
•A finite number of signs on the property irrespective of content of sign.
•A height or size limitation applicable to all signs on the property. For example, no signs taller
than 26’’ (e.g. yard signs only).
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Zoning
Zoning Ordinance, Article 2 B. Sign Regulations, Section 211 (b) Temporary Signs
•Within a Preservation, Agricultural, Residential, Apartment, or Historic and
Cultural District, or a noncommercial area of a PD-H1 or PD-H2 Planned
Development District, a total of sixteen (16) square feet of temporary signage
shall be allowed on a lot.
•Within all other districts, a total of thirty-two (32) square feet of temporary
signage shall be allowed on a lot.
•In all Districts, no such sign shall be higher than eight (8) feet above grade
directly below such sign.
No signs permitted in the ROW or on Public Property except for designated
polling places
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Zoning Enforcement
•Complaint-based
•One Zoning Inspector FTE assigned solely to address campaign signs
August 1st before November Election
•In September, all Zoning inspectors address campaign sign complaints
in their areas and proactively remove campaign signs in the ROW or
on public property
•Signs that are removed by staff from the ROW or on public property
are disposed of
•Signs on private property that exceed size restriction are sent a Notice
of Violation (NOV) and asked to remove within 30 days
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Additional Information
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Signage on City Property Rules Across Hampton Roads
Chesapeake Prohibits private, non-governmental signs on City property
Hampton Prohibits private, non-governmental signs on City property
Newport News Allows up to 30 consecutive days per event, up to 3 times per
calendar year
Norfolk Allows at early voting and polling locations, 5pm day prior to first
day of voting at location
Portsmouth Prohibits private, non-governmental signs on City property
Suffolk Allows yard signs at polling locations on election day
Virginia Beach Allows at early voting 7 days prior to first day of voting beginning
at location, beginning at 12:01am day of election at polling
locations
Additional Information
•Growing tensions and
frustrations regarding signage
•Soon early voting will occur in
new Voter Registrar location
•No longer on municipal campus
•Condo association with private
businesses
•Will need to develop new maps
for signage; any guidance
Council would like to provide on
this?
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Council Questions and Discussion
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